J Korean Biol Nurs Sci > Volume 25(3); 2023 > Article |
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AUTHORSHIP
YRC and JJC contributed to the conception and design of this study; JJC collected data; JJC performed the analysis and interpretation; JJC drafted the manuscript; MSK analyzed the data and constructed the tables. YRC critically revised the manuscript; YRC supervised the entire research process. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Article No. | Author (yr) | Study design | Participant (n) | Control group intervention | Intervention | Outcome (measurement) | Time of measurement |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | Kim & Kim (1992) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:10, C:10) | 1st: General contents of chronic renal failure and hemodialysis, self-care, diet, and drug education using printed materials | A total of 5 pieces of training at intervals of 7 to 15 days for 8 weeks. 1st: Using printed materials, general contents of chronic renal failure and hemodialysis, self-care, diet, and drug education. 2nd~5th: Diet and drug education using diet record sheets and blood test result sheets | ∙ Physiological parameters (K†, P†, BUN, protein, Alb, Ca) | Pre-test |
Post 1st~5th test | |||||||
A2 | Jeong (1997) | Non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design | Hemodialysis patients (n:36) | None | Training program provided once every 3 weeks Patient education in the form of Q&A after distributing booklets | ∙ Self-care knowledge† | Pre-test |
∙ Self-care behavior† | Post-test | ||||||
A3 | Park & Ji (2000) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:19, C:21) | None | 20-50-minute exercise program 2-4 times a week for 12 weeks | ∙ Physical work capacity (on treadmill†;, on cycle ergometer†, total score†) | Pre-test |
Stretching with warm-up and cool-down exercises, with gradually increasing the exercise intensity with a treadmill or a bicycle ergometer | ∙ Endurance (duration†, distance†) | Post-test | |||||
∙ Physical fitness (sit and reach†, curl-up†) | |||||||
∙ ADL ∙ QOL ∙ depression† | |||||||
∙ Physiological parameters (Hct, Hb, RBC, glucose†, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride, cholesterol†) | |||||||
A4 | Lee et al (2001) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:19. C:21) | None | 20-30-minute exercise program 2-4 times a week for 12 weeks | ∙ Physical work capacity (on treadmill†, on cycle†, total ergometer†) | Pre-test |
∙ Endurance (duration†, distance†) | Post-test | ||||||
∙ Flexibility† | |||||||
∙ Muscular endurance† | |||||||
∙ ADL† | |||||||
∙ QOL† | |||||||
∙ Depression† | |||||||
A5 | Yang et al (2003) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:23, C:22) | None | Nutrition education within 30 minutes once a month for 24 weeks | ∙ General characteristics (height, weight, PIBW, body fat, BMI, LBM, TSF, MAC, MAMC, MAMA, TBW, SGA†) | Pre-test |
Providing nutrition education and leaflet materials, including general information on chronic renal failure and hemodialysis, dietary therapy, and nutritional knowledge | ∙ Daily nutrient intake (calorie†, protein, carbohydrate†, fat†, P†, K†, Na†, Ca†, Fe, Vit A, Vit B1†, Vit B2, Vit C, Niacin) | Post-test | |||||
∙ Physiological parameters (protein†, Alb†, cholesterol†, triglyceride, BUN, Cr, P†, Na†, K†, Hb†, Hct†, transferrin†, TLC†) | |||||||
A6 | Kim & Yoo (2006) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E:20, C:20) | None | Individual training program for 30 minutes 3 times a week for 2 weeks | ∙ Knowledge† | Pre-test |
Individual education such as understanding dialysis, diet, drug therapy, and exercise therapy using booklets | ∙ Compliance† | Post-test | |||||
∙ Physiological parameters (BUN, Cr, Alb, K ,P) | Post 4 weeks | ||||||
∙ Weight gain | |||||||
A7 | So et al (2006) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:30, C:30) | None | 20-minute drug education program twice a week for two weeks using PowerPoint and handouts | ∙ Medication knowledge† | Pre-test |
Combination of group and individual education | ∙ Medication compliance† | Post 1 week | |||||
A8 | Kim & Kim (2008) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E:21, C:22) | None | 50-minute training program 2 times a week for 4 weeks. | ∙ Knowledge† | Pre-test |
Educational materials using brochures, PPT and videos. | ∙ Self-care behavior† | Post 1 week | |||||
Comprehensive program including the disease, understanding hemodialysis, management of AV fistula, exercise, medication and self-care, etc. | ∙ Physiological parameters (K†, P†, IWG†) | Post 4 weeks | |||||
A9 | Lee et al (2009) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E:22, C:19) | None | Individual comprehensive educational programs for 20 minutes 3 times a week for 6 weeks | ∙ Knowledge | Pre-test |
∙ Compliance† | Post 1 week | ||||||
∙ Physiological parameters (K†, P, IDWG†) | Post 5 weeks | ||||||
A10 | Jang & Kim (2009) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:21, C21) | None | 20-60-minute exercise program three times a week for 12 weeks | ∙ Cardiopulmonary function (VO₂peak†, VE peak†, RR peak†, HR max, exercise duration†, grip strength†, flexibility†) | Pre-test |
∙ QOL(PCS†, MCS) | Post-test | ||||||
A11 | Park & Lee (2010) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:36, C:35) | None | 60-80-minute comprehensive educational program once a week for 4 weeks as a group | ∙ Self efficacy† ∙ Self-care agency† | Pre-test |
∙ Self-care behavior† | Post-test | ||||||
∙ Physiological parameters (weight variation†, K, P†) | |||||||
A12 | Kim (2012) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E1:7, E2:5, C:14) | None | Group training provided once a week for 12 weeks | ∙ Arteriovenous fistula stenosis AVF-SIAPV† | E1 = AVF |
Structured upper extremity exercise, and education of blood vessel management with educational materials using audio-visual media, and re-education through interviews | ∙ Arteriovenous graft stenosis AVG-SIAPV† | E2 = AVG | |||||
Pre-test | |||||||
Post 1 month | |||||||
Post 2 months | |||||||
Post 3 months | |||||||
A13 | Kim et al (2013) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:29, C:20) | None | Nutrition education in a one-on-one interview for 15 minutes 3 times for 12 weeks | ∙ Anthropometric measurements (Weight, PIBW, BMI) | Pre-test |
Provide overall content education related to chronic renal failure, nutrition management and diet education, and leaflet on diet content, 10-30 minutes of exercise training twice a week for 12 weeks | ∙ Changes in dietary | Post-test | |||||
∙ Daily nutrient intake | |||||||
(energy†, protein, fat, carbohydrate†, Ca, P, Na, K, Fe†, Vit A†, Vit C†, niacin, cholesterol) | |||||||
∙ Physiological parameters | |||||||
(Hb†, BUN†, creatine, Hct, Alb, glucose, cholesterol, HDL, TG†, Ca, P, K, TIBC, hs-CRP, SBP, DBP) | |||||||
∙ QOL† | |||||||
∙ Fatigue† | |||||||
A14 | Kim et al (2014) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E:20, C:21) | None | Dietary education program once a week for 8 weeks, 20 minutes using the video | ∙ Dietary compliance | Pre-test |
∙ Physiological parameters (IDWG, IDWG rate, K, P) | Post 1 week | ||||||
Post 10 weeks | |||||||
A15 | Cho (2014) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:23, C:23) | None | Virtual reality exercise program for 40 minutes three times a week for eight weeks | ∙ HRV (HF, LF, LF/HF, SDNN†, RMSSD) | Pre-test |
∙ QOL (PCS†, MCS†) | Post-test | ||||||
A16 | Kim et al (2015) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E:20, C:20) | None | Individual comprehensive educational programs for 20-30 minutes once a week for 8 weeks | ∙ Knowledge about hemodialysis | Pre-test |
Audiovisual education and booklet provided | ∙ Compliance of patient role behavior | Post-test | |||||
∙ Physiological parameters (K†, P, Alb†, Hb, Kt/V‡ ,IWG) | Post 4 weeks | ||||||
A17 | Ahn et al (2015) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:31, C:31) | None | Exercise program using video for 20 minutes three times a week for 8 weeks | ∙ Well-being† | Pre-test |
∙ Depression† | Post-test | ||||||
∙ Physiological parameters (Ca, P, K†, Hb) | |||||||
A18 | Kim & Han (2016) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:50, C:50) | Daily diet training using a booklet for 5 minutes twice a month for 3 months | Individual dietary education program twice a month for 12 weeks for 30 minutes using the video and the booklet | ∙ Dietary knowledge† | Pre-test |
∙ Dietary compliance† | Post 1 week | ||||||
A19 | Lee et al (2016) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:13, C:14) | Exercise program 3 times a week for 4 weeks with low intensity | Exercise program 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Exercise intensity varied by group. | ∙ Body composition (muscle mass, fat mass) | Pre-test |
E: Moderate exercise group | ∙ Physical fitness (flexibility, physical function, agility†, balance, leg strength†) | Post-test | |||||
C: Light exercise group | ∙ Physical activity† | Physicalactivity (E:7, C:7) | |||||
∙ Depression† | |||||||
∙ Kt/V‡ | |||||||
A20 | Park et al (2017) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E:21, C21) | An exercise education with the material for the lower extremity muscle exercise | Lower extremity muscle strength exercise program for 30-40 minutes 3 times a week for 8 weeks | ∙ Leg strength† | Pre-test |
After performing warm-up exercises by 1:1 exercise instruction, in the main exercise, low-intensity lower-limb muscle strength exercises with RPE 11 to 13 points were performed | ∙ Falls efficacy | Post 4 weeks | |||||
Post 8 weeks | |||||||
A21 | Lee (2018) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:20, C:20) | None | 25-45-minute muscle strengthening exercise program 3 times a week for 12 weeks | ∙ Physical performance (standing balance, gait speed, repeated chair stands) | Pre-test |
Patient education: Providing information such as general knowledge of hemodialysis patients and the need for muscle strength exercise using a booklet, conducting individual interviews to provide emotional support and feedback | ∙ CRP† | Post-test | |||||
∙ Fatigue | |||||||
∙ Muscle power (arm muscle power†, Leg muscle power†) | |||||||
∙ QOL | |||||||
A22 | Kim et al (2019) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients (E:41, C:44) | None | Low-intensity exercise program 3 times a week for 8 weeks for 20-25 minutes After watching videos and demonstrating nurses, warm-up exercises were conducted, and PRE10-12 points of the lower extremities, and abdominal workout | ∙ Fatigue† | Pre-test |
∙ ADL | Post-test | ||||||
∙ Positive psychological capital† | |||||||
∙ Physiological parameters (SBP†, DBP) | |||||||
A23 | Ko & Kang (2020) | Non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design | Hemodialysis patients with restless legs syndrome (E:22, C:22) | None | A 35-minute group exercise program 3 times a week for 8 weeks | ∙ RLS severity† | Pre-test |
∙ Sleep quality | Post-test | ||||||
∙ Depression† | |||||||
∙ Physical performance (standing balance, gait speed, repeated chair stands) | |||||||
A24 | Kim & Choi (2020) | Non-equivalent control group, pre- and post-test with repeated measure design | Hemodialysis patients (E:18, C:19) | None | Dietary program for 30 to 40 minutes 4 times for 4 weeks using PowerPoint | ∙ Dietary of knowledge† | Pre-test |
∙ Dietary Compliance† | Post-test | ||||||
∙ Physiological parameters (IWG, BUN, Alb, Na, K†, P) | Post 6 months |
ADL = activity of daily living; QOL = quality of life; PIBW = percent ideal body weight; BMI = body mass index; LBM = lean body mass; TSF = triceps skin fold thickness; MAC = mid-arm circumference; MAMC = mid-arm muscle circumference; MAMA = mid-arm muscle area; TBW = total body water; SGA = subjective global assessment; TLC = total lymphocyte count; IDWG = inter-dialysis weight gain; BUN = blood urea nitrogen; TG = triglyceride; TIBC = total iron binding capacity; hs-CRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; VO₂ peak = peak oxygen uptake; VE peak = peak minute ventilation; RR peak = peak respiration rate; HR max = maximal heart rate; PCS = physical component scale; MCS = mental component scale; SIAPV = static intra access pressure vein; AVF = arteriovenous fistula; AVG = arteriovenous graft; HRV = heart rate variability; HF = high frequency; LF = low frequency; SDNN = standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals; RMSSD = square root of the mean of the sum of the square of difference between adjacent normal to normal intervals; RPE = Rating of Perceived Exertion; RLS = restless legs syndrome; LDL-C = low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C = high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
†type 1 = comprehensive hemodialysis knowledge; type 2 = exercise program; type 3 = dietary program; type 4 = medication program; type 5 = dietary and exercise; type 6 = exercise and arteriovenous fistula.
BUN = blood urea nitrogen; CRP = C-reactive protein; HRV = heart rate variability; IDWG = inter-dialysis weight gain; BP= blood pressure; AVF = arteriovenous fistula; AVG = arteriovenous graft; SIAPV = static intra access pressure vein; ADL = activity of daily living; QOL = quality of life; PCS = physical component scale; MCS = mental component scale.
Young Ran Chae
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8523-0395
Jeong-Joo Choi
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-2913
Min Sub Kim
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4634-8923