3. Welfare KMoHa. National Health Statistics - The eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHAES VI-1) 2019. Agency DCaP; 2021.
6. Ponti F, Santoro A, Mercatelli D, Gasperini C, Conte M, Martucci M, et al. Aging and imaging assessment of body composition: from fat to facts. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2020;10(861):
http://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00861
7. Koliaki C, Liatis S, Dalamaga M, Kokkinos A. Sarcopenic obesity: epidemiologic evidence, pathophysiology, and therapeutic perspectives. Current Obesity Reports. 2019;8(4):458-471.
http://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-019-00359-9
8. Baumgartner RN, Koehler KM, Gallagher D, Romero L, Heymsfield SB, Ross RR, et al. Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1998;147(8):755-763.
http://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009520
9. Chen W, Wang L, You W, Shan T. Myokines mediate the cross talk between skeletal muscle and other organs. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 2021;236(4):2393-2412.
http://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.30033
10. Donini LM, Busetto L, Bauer JM, Bischoff S, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, et al. Critical appraisal of definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity based on a systematic review. Clinical Nutrition. 2020;39(8):2368-2388.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2019.11.024
12. Perna S, Peroni G, Faliva MA, Bartolo A, Naso M, Miccono A, et al. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in comparison: prevalence, metabolic profile, and key differences. A cross-sectional study in Italian hospitalized elderly. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2017;29(6):1249-1258.
http://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-016-0701-8
13. Öztürk ZA, Türkbeyler İH, Abiyev A, Kul S, Edizer B, Yakaryılmaz FD, et al. Health-related quality of life and fall risk associated with age-related body composition changes; sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity. Internal Medicine Journal. 2018;48(8):973-981.
http://doi.org/10.1111/imj.13935
14. Atmis V, Yalcin A, Silay K, Ulutas S, Bahsi R, Turgut T, et al. The relationship between all-cause mortality sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among hospitalized older people. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2019;31(11):1563-1572.
http://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01277-5
15. Oh C, Jeon BH, Reid Storm SN, Jho S, No JK. The most effective factors to offset sarcopenia and obesity in the older Korean: physical activity, vitamin D, and protein intake. Nutrition. 2017;33:169-173.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2016.06.004
18. Janssen I, Heymsfield S, Ross R. Low relative skeletal muscle mass is associated with functional impairment and physical disability. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2002;50:889-896.
http://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50216.x
21. Hong SH, Choi KM. Sarcopenic obesity, insulin resistance, and their implications in cardiovascular and metabolic consequences. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020;21(2):
http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020494
24. Kawakami R, Murakami H, Sanada K, Tanaka N, Sawada SS, Tabata I, et al. Calf circumference as a surrogate marker of muscle mass for diagnosing sarcopenia in Japanese men and women. Geriatrics & Gerontology International. 2015;15(8):969-976.
http://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12377
25. Pagotto V, Santos KFD, Malaquias SG, Bachion MM, Silveira EA. Calf circumference: clinical validation for evaluation of muscle mass in the elderly. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. 2018;71(2):322-328.
http://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0121
26. Mienche M, Setiati S, Setyohadi B, Kurniawan J, Laksmi PW, Ariane A, et al. Diagnostic performance of calf circumference, thigh circumference, and SARC-F questionnaire to identify sarcopenia in elderly compared to Asian working group for sarcopenia's diagnostic standard. Acta Medica Indonesiana. 2019;51(2):117-127.
29. Cota BC, Ribeiro SAV, Priore SE, Juvanhol LL, de Faria ER, de Faria FR, et al. Anthropometric and body composition parameters in adolescents with the metabolically obese normal-weight phenotype. British Journal of Nutrition. 2022;127(10):1458-1466.
http://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114521002427
34. Miele EM, Headley SAE. The effects of chronic aerobic exercise on cardiovascular risk factors in persons with diabetes mellitus. Current Diabetes Reports. 2017;17(10):97.
http://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0927-7
38. Kim SW, Jung WS, Park W, Park HY. Twelve weeks of combined resistance and aerobic exercise improves cardiometabolic biomarkers and enhances red blood cell hemorheological function in obese older men: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019;16(24):
http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245020